Всесвітній день боротьби з інсультом
Що таке інсульт та як його розпізнати?
Інсульт — це гострий стан, під час якого вражаються кровоносні судини головного мозку. Інсульт виникає, коли судина, по якій кров’ю переноситься кисень і поживні речовини, блокується тромбом (“бляшкою”) або розривається. Коли це відбувається, частина мозку не може отримати з кров’ю постачання кисню та поживних речовин і як наслідок починається смерть його клітин. Інсульт може призвести до інвалідності та у деяких випадках — смерті.
Деякі стани підвищують ризик виникнення інсульту, зокрема:
- високий артеріальний тиск;
- високий рівень холестерину;
- порушення серцевого ритму;
- надлишкова вага;
- цукровий діабет;
- надмірні стреси.
За якими ознаками можна запідозрити інсульт у людини поруч або у себе?
Розвиток інсульту можуть супроводжувати симптоми, що виникають раптово.
Запам’ятати їх можна у можна за абревіатурою МОЗОК-Час.
- М(Мовлення) – попросіть людину повторити за вами просте речення та виконати просту команду. При інсульті вимова буде нерозбірливою, плутаною або людина не буде розуміти команду, яку ви попросили її виконати.
- О(Обличчя) – коли одна сторона обличчя зазнає візуальних змін (наприклад, обвисає). Попросіть людину посміхнутися. Якщо у неї інсульт, вона не зможе цього зробити або посмішка буде несиметричною.
- З(Запаморочення) – поява скарги на раптове головокружіння, хиткість ходи, втрату рівноваги, координації рухів у руці або нозі.
- О(Очі) – у людини раптово порушився зір одним або двома очима, наприклад, зʼявилось двоїння при погляді на предмети.
- К(Кінцівки) – слабкість або оніміння, неможливість підняти і утримувати обидві руки або обидві ноги одночасно, кінцівки з однієї сторони стають слабкішими, можуть падати, як пліть.
Час – якщо ви помітили один із цих симптомів, терміново викликайте швидку
Також інсульт може проявлятися сильним головним болем без причини, сонливістю, блювотою, нудотою. Такі ознаки можуть тривати лише кілька хвилин, потім зникати. Подібні короткотривалі сигнали відомі як транзиторні ішемічні атаки. Більшість людей ігнорує їх, адже вони швидко минають. Проте, вони сигналізують про загрозливий стан, який треба негайно діагностувати та лікувати. Звертайте на них увагу!
Інсульт вимагає невідкладного медичного втручання. Людина з ознаками інсульту, яка отримує допомогу лікарів упродовж перших 4,5 годин, має більше шансів повернутися до повноцінного життя та уникнути тяжких й незворотних наслідків. Якщо ви підозрюєте, що у вас чи у когось іншого інсульт, негайно зателефонуйте за номером 103.
Найкращий спосіб знизити ризик виникнення інсульту — це профілактика.
- Дотримуйтеся здорового харчування: щодня їжте овочі і фрукти, обмежуйте споживання солі. Вживайте їжу з низьким вмістом трансжирів.
- Будьте фізично активними. Навіть помірні фізичні навантаження дозволять контролювати вагу і підтримувати здоров’я.
- Відмовтеся від куріння та вживання алкоголю.
- Контролюйте артеріальний тиск.
- За рекомендаціями свого лікаря перевіряйте рівень холестерину та цукру в крові.
- Якщо лікар призначив вам лікування діагностованого у вас захворювання, строго дотримуйтесь назначень та рекомендацій.
Будьте уважні до себе та оточуючих, вчасно звертайтеся до лікаря та бережіть своє здоров’я.
Безоплатні медичні послуги у випадку інсульту під час війни
Програма медичних гарантій продовжує працювати навіть під час війни. Пацієнти, як і раніше, можуть отримувати безоплатно медичну допомогу, за яку сплачує держава.
Українці, які – через бойові дії – змушені були переїхати в інші регіони країни, можуть отримати необхідну їм медичну допомогу в медичних закладах за місцем фактичного перебування, місце реєстрації пацієнта не має значення.
Нагадуємо, серед безоплатних послуг, які гарантовані пацієнту з інсультом чи підозрою на нього:
– первинний огляд,
– термінова комп’ютерна томографія або магнітно-резонансна томографія,
– лабораторні та інструментальні дослідження.
Також до безоплатного пакета входять:
– тромболітична терапія включно з необхідними ліками,
– ендоваскулярне лікування (малоінвазивна хірургія судин головного мозку),
– нейрохірургічна допомога,
– ліки з Нацпереліку,
– медичні вироби, які централізовано купують Медзакупівлі України.
Національна служба здоров’я України оплачує і вторинну профілактику інсульту, харчування в стаціонарі та медичну реабілітацію.
Пацієнту з підозрою на інсульт не потрібне направлення лікаря, щоб отримати медичну допомогу безоплатно, адже це – невідкладний стан. Допомогу медики надають незалежно від наявності направлення чи декларації з лікарем.
Звертаємо увагу, у разі необґрунтованої відмови у наданні медичної допомоги або якщо комунальний чи державний медзаклад, маючи змогу продіагностувати пацієнта, направляє його на платну діагностику у приватний, закликаємо звертатися:
до контакт-центру МОЗ – 0-800–60-20-19
або на гарячу лінію НСЗУ – 16-77.
У закладах охорони здоров’я, законтрактованих за Програмою медичних гарантій, не повинні брати кошти за надання медичних послуг чи діагностику, що входять у контрактні пакети.
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КП "Рівненський обласний госпіталь ветеранів війни" Рівненської обласної ради | Всесвітній день боротьби з інсультом